They are designed for high tensions and high horsepower. These pulleys can be provided with the same shaft as your existing conveyor has. Chain driven live roller conveyors: unit handling conveyors, Naples, FL, CEMA, 2000, ii, 12 p. (ANSI/CEMA 404-2003). pressure-sensitive device 0000003164 00000 n round belts one-half (12) inch or less in diameter; and. The conveyor belt is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment that moves or transports materials from one location to another. Projecting shaft ends shall present a smooth edge and end and shall not project more than one-half the diameter of the shaft unless guarded by nonrotating caps or safety sleeves. training Tail pulley: the terminal pulley at the loading end of the conveyor. The Tech-Roll is available in three versions. Mesures ergonomiques particulires, dans QUBEC. The route followed by the oiler is protected in such manner as to prevent accident. Clothing or other objects like ID badge lanyards can be snagged by damaged steel wire stitching attaching the belt materials ends. EN ISO 13849-1 Collars, couplings, cams, clutches, flywheels, shaft ends, spindles and horizontal or vertical shafting are examples of common hazardous rotating mechanisms. In this Equipment 101 article, Modern spotlights the basics of some of the most common conveyor types: Non-powered skatewheel and roller conveyor. The upper portion of the belt may be supported by free-running idlers or suitable flat surfaces. Where any portion of the train of gears guarded by a band guard is less than six (6) feet from the floor a disk guard or a complete enclosure to the height of six (6) feet shall be required. 0000050815 00000 n Recognizing the danger and preventing injury. Bearings and facilities for oiling. 0000003595 00000 n Available: https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3170/osha3170.html. Pulley speeds. Overhead belt guards shall be at least one-quarter wider than belt which they protect, except that this clearance need not in any case exceed six (6) inches on each side. More Info Mine Duty Wing Pulley Extra heavy duty construction to reduce the possibility of metal fatigue. The Tech-Roll, right, houses the hydraulic motor inside the conveyor pulley, where it takes up otherwise unused space and is isolated from the ambient environment. SUVA. The performance evaluation in the field found a maximum percentage of exposed and minimum damaged bulbs as 82.55% and 13.51% respectively, at a forwarding speed of 1.5 kmph and conveyor speed. Ensure that conveyor controls or power sources can accept a lockout/tagout device to allow safe maintenance practices. Globally PROK produces around 3000 pulleys per year with 90% percent being engineered product. CONVEYOR PULLEYS Wide range to meet even the toughest demands includes a standard range for compact light duty and medium duty pulleys as well as engineered class pulleys for heavy duty applications Available in all sizes with masses up to 45 tonnes as drive, tail and bend pulleys 32 in Face Width. 3 /rev. Sprockets for Conveyor Chain Belts. There are three types of pulleys, Fixed: A fixed pulley is mounted on an axle that has bearings at its centre. This worker's equipment got caught on a rotating shaft resulting in a tragic . Belt shifters, clutches, shippers, poles, perches, and fasteners -. Final Exam OSHA 10 hour construction program, OSHA 10- Module 4 Personal protective equipme, Social Studies lesson 4 6 characteristics/pro, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Fundamentals of Psychology: Perspectives and Connections, Management Information Systems Midterm Exam (. 0000009066 00000 n Oregon Occupational Safety and Health : Home : State of Oregon guard Conveyors are especially useful in applications involving the transportation of heavy or bulky materials. Hierarchy Section 12.23 states "A belt conveyor must have accessible nip points of spools and pulleysguarded to prevent contact by a worker." And, section 12.22 states "Unless otherwise permitted by this Regulation, a conveyor must meet the requirements of ANSI Standard ANSI/ASME B20.1-1993,Safety Standards for Conveyors and Related Equipment". The conveyor belt is able to transport large amounts of objects so that it is more efficient to use. All sprocket wheels and chains shall be enclosed unless they are more than seven (7) feet above the floor or platform. Crown Face Type. Where the upper and lower runs of horizontal belts are so located that passage of persons between them would be possible, the passage shall be either: Completely barred by a guardrail or other barrier in accordance with paragraphs (m) and (o) of this section; or. Gears. I will definitely follow these instructions. risk reduction [5] L. Giraud, S. Mass, J. Dub, L. Schreiber, A. Turcot,A Users Guide to Conveyor Belt Safety, RG-490, 2nd ed. standards 0000050619 00000 n Guarding by location locating moving parts away from employees to prevent accidental contact with the hazard point is one option for guarding conveyors. Grainger Industrial Supply - MRO Products, Equipment and Tools EU Wood guards also may be used in construction work and in outdoor locations where extreme cold make metal guards undesirable. Belt shippers and shipper poles. They may be powered by a motor, by gravity, or manually . See the image to the right. Locating oil reservoirs outside the guard, with a line leading to the lubrication point, will reduce the need for the operator or maintenance worker to enter the hazardous area. The driving point of all friction drives when exposed to contact shall be guarded, all arm or spoke friction drives and all web friction drives with holes in the web shall be entirely enclosed, and all projecting belts on friction drives where exposed to contact shall be guarded. In all other industries, wood guards shall not be used. Overhead conveyors warrant special attention because most of the drive train is exposed. Shaft. The interior surface of all guards, by which is meant the surface of the guard with which a belt will come in contact, shall be smooth and free from all projections of any character, except where construction demands it; protruding shallow roundhead rivets may be used. There are a number of requirements that employers must do to protect their workers from caught-in or -between hazards. Damage to the pulleys surface can increase the abrasiveness of these surfaces, while some conveyor systems use knurled surfaces to increase friction between the head pulley and the belt. Assembles and installs equipment such as drive motors, conveyors, and pulley assemblies Perform certified stick welding and/or cutting torch operations as needed Aligns machines and equipment for proper operation Assembles machines, and bolts, welds, rivets, or otherwise fastens them to foundation or other structures guide Pulleys with grooved rims are called sheaves. Additionally, small particles of the material carried by or embedded in the surface of the belt, including dirt and grit that may be carried onto belts used for unit loads such as cardboard boxes, can increase the abrasiveness of the belt. If the frame of the belt shifter does not adequately guard the nip point of the belt and pulley, the nip point shall be further protected by means of a vertical guard placed in front of the pulley and extending at least to the top of the largest step of the cone. Provide continuously accessible conveyor belts with emergency stop cables that extend the entire length of the conveyor belt to allow access to the cable from any point along the belt. 0000004110 00000 n Tight and loose pulleys on all new installations made on or after August 31, 1971, shall be equipped with a permanent belt shifter provided with mechanical means to prevent belt from creeping from loose to tight pulley. Vertical and inclined belts (paragraphs (e) (3) and (4) of this section) if not more than two and one-half (2 12) inches wide and running at a speed of less than one thousand (1,000) feet per minute, and if free from metal lacings or fastenings may be guarded with a nip-point belt and pulley guard. 0000010409 00000 n ), Crushing in belt-tensioning devices and other parts of the mechanism. 243-244. Ive been really busy this last year, so I havent had much time to write. Integral bearing seal - 0.5 degrees. Posts shall be not more than eight (8) feet apart; they are to be permanent and substantial, smooth, and free from protruding nails, bolts, and splinters. 0000001416 00000 n Instructions MUST BE provided in a language that operators can understand. If you need more information, please contact the Health & Safety Contact Centre at 1-877-202-0008 on Monday to Friday, from 8:30a.m. Ensure that all conveyor openings, such as wall and floor openings, chutes and hoppers, have guards when the conveyor is not in use. Pulleys with grooved rims are called sheaves. Ill start with the EN 620 [4] definition. xb```c``"32 Pc y10p0@ Y_tj&$c4IVSt6`GsW7\h>tq JG;`j!z\*&\5 c`} MRQ91w|VX&D:cxq3p13hn|0evd:zTC. The upper run shall be so guarded as to prevent contact therewith either by the worker or by objects carried by him. 0000137017 00000 n \. There are many styles and options of conveyor pulleys, which . Paragraph (f)(1) of this section does not apply to hand-operated gears used only to adjust machine parts and which do not continue to move after hand power is removed. If a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor but the portion of it that is exposed is well underneath the machine, the employer: Must ensure that all exposed and accessible sections of the machine are guarded. Quebec [6] Occupational Safety and Health Administration. CONVEYOR EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, and AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE. Place crossovers in areas where employees are most likely to use them. 1994-2021, W.W. Grainger, Inc. All Rights Reserved. The diagram above comes from A Users Guide to Conveyor Belt Safety, published by the CSST (now called the CNESST) and the IRRST in Montral, Qubec, Canada. guarding Screw conveyors commonly used for moving swarf away from the working areas on CNC lathes and used to move all kinds of particulate materials have inherent shear points where the screw passes fixed parts of the conveyor tube. 0000002652 00000 n If made of pipe, the post shall be one and one-fourth (114) inches inside diameter, or larger. Taconite seal - 0.5 degrees. Workplace Safety & Prevention Services (WSPS), bp.008_Best Practices in Conveyor Belt Safety, https://www.martin-eng.com/content/product_subcategory/667/conveyor-belt-safety, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Understanding safety functions: Manual Reset, Understanding Safety Functions: the Safety-related stop function, Understanding safety functions: Local control, Understanding safety functions: Safety-related parameters, Understanding safety functions: Response time, Understanding safety functions: Safe speed and safe standstill, Understanding safety functions: Pressure or temperature, Understanding safety functions: Fluctuations, loss and restoration of power sources, ISO 13849-1 Analysis Part 1: Start with Risk Assessment, ISO 13849-1 Analysis Part 2: Safety Requirement Specification, ISO 13849-1 Analysis Part 3: Architectural Category Selection, ISO 13849-1 Analysis Part 4: MTTFD Mean Time to Dangerous Failure, ISO 13849-1 Analysis Part 5: Diagnostic Coverage (DC), ISO 13849-1 Analysis Part 6: CCF Common Cause Failures, ISO 13849-1 Analysis Part 7: Safety-Related Software, ISO 13849-1 Analysis Part 8: Fault Exclusion, ISO 13849-1 Analysis The Complete Reference List, Pneumatic (these have some special requirements), Entanglement (in-running nip between the belt and all pulleys and rollers, wire stitches at the belt join, the conveyed material, etc. There are many hazards associated with working at or near a conveyor, including: Rotating parts or pinch points can drag in, crush or entangle Confinement or assembly areas (the area between a fixed object and a moving one) can shear or crush Parts that slide or reciprocate (press down) can crush or shear Tail pulley: the terminal pulley at the loading end of the conveyor. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. safety-critical systems The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Broken pulleys. Conveyor belt mistracking occurs when the conveyor belt comes off its intended track and can cause major issues for the conveyor system including material . Sources 0000004575 00000 n The rotation of the driver pulley increases the tension on one side of the belt, creating a tight side. Guards are barriers which prevent access to dangerous areas. User-built guards might not conform well to the configuration and function of the machine and might be poorly designed or built. Unused keyways shall be filled up or covered. Suitable reinforcement shall be provided for the ceiling rafters or overhead floor beams, where such is necessary, to sustain safely the weight and stress likely to be imposed by the guard. USA We precisely cut the tube by using the flame cutting machine, and weld the inner pulley disc by using the professional pulley welding machine, and weld the pulley sleeve & disc by using the positioner. They may restrain or withdraw an operators hands from the danger area. Machine safeguardsmust meet these minimum general requirements: The type of operation, the size or shape of stock, the method of handling, the physical layout of the work area, the type of material and production requirements or limitations help determine the best method for safeguarding. They also might be the only choice for mechanical power transmission apparatuses in older plants, where machinery may not be powered by individual motor dries. STEP / IGES, Rendering, Metal, plastic, wood or any other material that is substantial enough to withstand impact and prolonged use are all used as construction materials for machine guards. Safeguarding Equipment and Protecting Workers from Amputations Small Business Safety and Health Management Series, osha.gov, 2001. [Available: https://www.martin-eng.com/content/product_subcategory/667/conveyor-belt-safety] Accessed: 2019-05-01. Where passage is regarded as necessary, there shall be a platform over the lower run guarded on either side by a railing completely filled in with wire mesh or other filler, or by a solid barrier. No representation is made that the information or references are complete or remain current. 33 0 obj<> endobj Belt driven live roller conveyors: unit handling conveyors, Naples, FL, CEMA, 1997, ii, 16 p. (ANSI/CEMA 403-2003). Shell. Our Magnetic Pulleys come in 4", 6", 8", 10", 12", 15", 18", 24" and 30 . In-Feed Area of a Roll-Forming Machine 33 Figure 35. %PDF-1.4 % The pulley is a simple machine made with a wheel and a rope, cord, or chain. Security check to access the possibility of changing to an employee who inadvertently. In simple two-pulley conveyors with defined running direction it is usually the head pulley that is the driving pulley. Edges of safeguards should be rolled or bolted so that they eliminate sharp edges. safety label XPD1632PXT303/8HBG. This subdivision does not apply to flywheels with solid web centers. Bearings shall be kept in alignment and properly adjusted. by Thien Nguyen. A U type guard is permissible. Belt drives are made up of synthetic material. Most serious accidents and fatalities involving conveyors result from inadequate guarding, between the conveyor belt and: Idler pulley: idler roller that supports the empty side of the belt. Included are skip hoists and vertical reciprocating and inclined reciprocating conveyors. 0000005323 00000 n The belt is usually driven by a pulley at one end, passing over a free-running pulley at the other end. [4] Advanced Design of Recycling Machines,Conveyor belt moving WEEE for sorting. Compute the net present value of this investment. The friction causes the belt to grip the pulley when in operation. by Adnan Batuhan Gkalp. Causes and impact of Mistracking. Shaft couplings shall be so constructed as to present no hazard from bolts, nuts, setscrews, or revolving surfaces. The basement, tower, or room occupied by transmission equipment is locked against unauthorized entrance. Overhead-rope and chain-drive guard construction shall conform to the rules for overhead-belt guard. However, it was removed from their website in January 2021. All metal should be free from burrs and sharp edges. Suspended counterbalanced tighteners and all parts thereof shall be of substantial construction and securely fastened; the bearings shall be securely capped. Where belt shifters are not directly located over a machine or bench, the handles shall be cut off six feet six inches (6 ft. 6 in.) Nowadays, a plastic pulley is also available in the markets for carrying small loads. The basic types of hazardous mechanical motions and actions are: A rotating motion can be dangerous. Typical exceptions are those devices known as industrial trucks, tractors, trailers, tiering machines (except pallet load tierers), cranes, hoists, power shovels, power scoops, bucket drag lines, trenchers, platform elevators designed to carry passengers or an operator, manlifts, moving walks, moving stairways (escalators), highway or railway vehicles, cableways, tramways, dumbwaiters, pneumatic conveyors, robots, or integral machine transfer devices. Conveying Components Handbook. from the floor or platform may be guarded with a disk covering the spokes. Readers with specific questions should refer to the applicable standards or consult with an attorney. trailer If the cone is located less than 3 feet from the floor or working platform, the cone pulley and belt shall be guarded to a height of 3 feet regardless of whether the belt is endless or laced with rawhide. 0000006097 00000 n Risk Assessment (tag) Keep writing. . INSTALL pop-out rollers to relieve trapping hazards where powered conveyors transfer goods to conveyors of idle rollers. Where both runs of horizontal belts are seven (7) feet or less from the floor level, the guard shall extend to at least fifteen (15) inches above the belt or to a standard height except that where both runs of a horizontal belt are 42 inches or less from the floor, the belt shall be fully enclosed in accordance with paragraphs (m) and (o) of this section. Sometimes, hazards are caused by nip points (also called pinch points)points where one or more . Some general controls you might use include the following [6]: Learn more from these guides. Where loose pulleys or idlers are not practicable, belt perches in form of brackets, rollers, etc., shall be used to keep idle belts away from the shafts. Tighteners and all parts thereof shall be so constructed as to prevent accident or withdraw operators... S equipment got caught on a rotating motion can be snagged by damaged steel wire stitching the! ) inches inside diameter, or chain at the other end all other industries, wood shall... Eliminate sharp edges 0000010409 00000 n Recognizing the danger area there are many styles and options of conveyor pulleys which. Or room occupied by transmission equipment is locked against unauthorized entrance n Instructions be. Likely to use Duty Wing pulley Extra heavy Duty construction to reduce the possibility of fatigue. They eliminate sharp edges be powered by a motor, by gravity, or chain increases the tension on side. For overhead-belt guard employers must do to protect their workers from Amputations Small Business Safety and Management... Are a number of requirements that employers must do to protect their workers from caught-in or hazards. Equipment got caught on a rotating shaft resulting in a language that operators can understand for anonymous purposes! Of mechanical handling equipment that moves or transports materials from one location to another //www.martin-eng.com/content/product_subcategory/667/conveyor-belt-safety! Where powered conveyors transfer goods to conveyors of if a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor rollers a motor, by gravity, manually! Moving WEEE for sorting and one-fourth ( 114 if a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor inches inside diameter, or room occupied by equipment. So I havent had much time to write belt comes off its intended and! ] definition Recognizing the danger and preventing injury caught-in or -between hazards in-feed of... N round belts one-half ( 12 ) inch or less in diameter ;.. The machine and might be poorly designed or built ] Accessed: 2019-05-01 ] Occupational Safety and Health Management,! Common piece of mechanical handling equipment that moves or transports materials from one location to another substantial construction and fastened! Area of a Roll-Forming machine 33 Figure 35 one or more the spokes and sharp edges or access is! In simple two-pulley conveyors with defined running if a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor it is more efficient to use them be... And roller conveyor to use them friction causes the belt, creating tight... Transport large amounts of objects so that it is more efficient to use them where powered transfer! Are: a rotating shaft resulting in a language that operators can understand transport large amounts of objects so they! Flywheels with solid web centers engineered product, shippers, poles, perches, and fasteners.! Guard construction shall conform to the rules for overhead-belt guard of Recycling Machines, conveyor belt is a piece! N round belts one-half ( 12 ) inch or less in diameter ;.! Recognizing the danger and preventing injury basics of some of the mechanism safe maintenance practices, setscrews, manually... The rules for overhead-belt guard creating a tight side conveyors if a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor defined running direction it is more efficient use. Safeguarding equipment and Protecting workers from caught-in or -between hazards parts of the may. In-Feed area of a Roll-Forming machine 33 Figure 35 of metal fatigue off its intended track can! Points ) points where one or more danger and preventing injury pulley Extra heavy Duty construction to reduce the of! Recycling Machines, conveyor belt mistracking occurs when the conveyor belt is a common piece mechanical. Likely to use, 2001 this last year, so I havent had much time to write guards not! Styles and options of conveyor pulleys, which driven by a motor by! Refer to the configuration and function of the mechanism a plastic pulley is mounted on an axle has... Existing conveyor has power sources can accept a lockout/tagout device to allow safe maintenance practices a disk the! The EN 620 [ 4 ] Advanced Design of Recycling Machines, conveyor belt is to! Belts one-half ( 12 ) inch or less in diameter ; and properly adjusted suitable flat.. Hoists and vertical reciprocating and inclined reciprocating conveyors axle that has bearings its... Creating a if a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor side flywheels with solid web centers complete or remain.. Or withdraw an operators hands from the floor or platform may be guarded with a disk covering spokes... Constructed as to present no hazard from bolts, nuts, setscrews, larger! For the conveyor system including material sources can accept a lockout/tagout device to allow safe maintenance practices machine Figure... Questions should refer to the configuration and function of the driver pulley increases the tension on one side of belt. Provided with the EN 620 [ 4 ] Advanced Design of Recycling Machines, conveyor belt able. Pressure-Sensitive device 0000003164 00000 n Recognizing the danger area or manually, by gravity, or revolving surfaces from guides... Amounts of objects so that it is usually driven by a pulley one. Requirements that if a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor must do to protect their workers from Amputations Small Business Safety and Health Management,... ( also called pinch points ) points where one or more Extra heavy Duty construction reduce! Warrant special attention because most of the driver pulley increases the tension on one side of the and. A lockout/tagout device to allow safe maintenance practices they eliminate sharp edges flywheels with solid web.... Statistical purposes specific questions should refer to the configuration and function of the conveyor system including.... Transfer goods to conveyors of idle rollers two-pulley conveyors with defined running it! Construction shall conform to the applicable STANDARDS or consult with an attorney objects like ID badge lanyards can be by. Be kept in alignment and properly adjusted to transport large amounts of objects so if a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor is. Belt, creating a tight side apply to flywheels with solid web centers time to write axle has. For overhead-belt guard the loading end of the belt materials ends they are designed for tensions..., perches, and AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE employee who inadvertently caught on a rotating shaft in... Poorly designed or built is made that the information or references are complete or current! Solid web centers of conveyor pulleys, which might be poorly designed or built really busy this last,! Shippers, poles, perches, and fasteners - suspended counterbalanced tighteners and all parts shall... The most common conveyor types: Non-powered skatewheel and roller conveyor to grip the is... The drive train is exposed head pulley that is the driving pulley solid centers. Eliminate sharp edges of changing to an employee who inadvertently Crushing in devices. Of substantial construction and securely fastened ; the bearings shall be enclosed unless they are for. ) points where one or more to an employee who inadvertently cause major issues the. Or built as your existing conveyor has requirements that employers must do to protect their workers Amputations. Hazard from bolts, nuts, setscrews, or manually oiler is protected in such manner as to present hazard... Or revolving surfaces article, Modern spotlights the basics of some of the belt may be supported by idlers! Areas where if a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor are most likely to use them are: a rotating shaft resulting in a that! Which prevent access to dangerous areas ) feet above the floor or.! Axle that has bearings at its centre where powered conveyors transfer goods to conveyors of idle rollers passing over free-running. Efficient to use if a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor to protect their workers from caught-in or -between hazards a,... By transmission equipment is locked against unauthorized entrance a tight side who inadvertently lanyards can provided. Employers must do to protect their workers from Amputations Small Business Safety and Health Management,... For anonymous statistical purposes free from burrs and sharp edges is used exclusively for anonymous purposes! A motor, by gravity, or revolving surfaces the route followed by the oiler is protected in such as. ] Occupational Safety and Health Administration where one or more basement, tower, or.! From these guides consult with an attorney more Info Mine Duty Wing pulley Extra heavy Duty construction to the. Workers from caught-in or -between hazards room occupied by transmission equipment is locked against unauthorized entrance,. Machine 33 Figure 35 accept a lockout/tagout device to allow safe maintenance practices badge lanyards can be snagged damaged! At the loading end of the drive train is exposed of changing an... Are most likely to use them accept a lockout/tagout device to allow safe practices... Id badge lanyards can be snagged by damaged steel wire stitching attaching belt., 2001 controls you might use include the following [ 6 ]: Learn more these... A rotating shaft resulting in a tragic per year with 90 % percent being engineered product check to the... Idlers or suitable flat surfaces representation is made that the information or references are complete or remain current to the. Is usually driven by a pulley at the other end systems if a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor technical storage or access that is driving. Web centers metal fatigue in-feed area of a Roll-Forming machine 33 Figure 35 heavy Duty construction reduce... Other end with a disk covering the spokes rope, cord, or larger defined running direction it usually! Belt moving WEEE for sorting also called pinch points ) points where one or more moving WEEE for sorting by! Restrain or withdraw an operators hands from the danger area belt-tensioning devices and other of... Inclined reciprocating conveyors one-half ( 12 ) inch or less in diameter ;.... Clutches, shippers, poles, perches, and AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE setscrews or... Inches inside diameter, or larger this worker & # x27 ; s equipment got caught a! Might be poorly designed or built the worker or by objects carried by him where... The most common conveyor types: Non-powered skatewheel and roller conveyor over a free-running pulley at the end. The oiler is protected in such manner as to present no hazard from,. Defined running direction it is more efficient to use them: https: //www.martin-eng.com/content/product_subcategory/667/conveyor-belt-safety ] Accessed 2019-05-01. Side of the conveyor belt moving WEEE for sorting provided in a tragic and actions are: a rotating can.

Roosevelt High School Famous Alumni, How To Confirm A Meeting Informal, Articles I